NLP (Neuro-Linguistic Programming) was "discovered" by Richard Bandler and John Grinder. It is a slightly ontoversial approach to psychotherapy and to organisational change. It is based on the idea that learning is "transferable" and that we can apply behaviours which have resulted in success to any other areas of our lives where we are struggling.
NLP techniques might include:
visualisation exercises,
rewind techniques such as revisiting an event as if you are watching it in a cinema and can control the fast forward and rewind buttons
time line techniques where you can apply your current resources and expereinces to an earlier self.
The method used would depend on whether you were predominantly visual (saw things in pictures); aural (remebered things predominantly as words) or kinesthetic (were very aware of the physical and emotional feelings of events)
I have a practitioner certificate in NLP and use it with clients who feel comfortable with the techniques and for particular problems which I know are generally responsive to NLP.